增强2010年新托福口语连贯性原则

       要想提高雅思口语表达的流利程度，最重要的就是要建立与运用英语思维，首先要避免中文的影响，进行逐字逐句的翻译，而会导致语言组织的中断和迟缓，更不用说流利表达了。另外，就是雅思口语组织瞬间运用的核心词汇生成，如同过一条小河一样，一直不快不慢的流，而不是走一步以后就找不到另一个下脚的地方！还有单纯靠大段的背诵于事无补，反而会弄巧成拙。另外，英语属于波状语言，需要符合英语口语表达所需的语调来维持，听起来才流利入耳。然而，多年的中国应试教育一方面不重视听说的训练，另外，也没有用英语进行面对面交流的环境，所以，与国外非英语国家的考生相比，我们的成绩全世界倒数也就是顺理成章的事情了！提高雅思口语的流利度，除了要拥有大量的单词以外，还有体会英语的节奏与思维，掌握英语连续的语调，说一口地道的英语

　　1. 运用总分总的结构

　　your listeners will understand your talk better if you organize what you say in a logical sequence or linear pattern. this means that you tell the listeners what you are going to talk about and then go through the points you want to make. the most common pattern of organization is outlined below:

　　introductory statement

　　point 1

　　point 2

　　point 3

　　concluding statement

　　an example of this pattern is shown below:

　　breeding butterflies has many advantages for the collector.

　　1. way of obtaining specimens

　　2. spares can be released into the wild

　　3. helps survival because butterflies have been protected from natural predators

　　the experience is a learning experience for the collector and a benefit to the species.

　　2. 运用连接词

　　connecting ideas by using transition words and phrases tells your listeners the relationship of one idea to the next. you can signal to your listener that you are going to put events in a sequence, add information, or make a comparison. you can signal that you want to emphasize or clarify a point. using transition words and phrases helps your listener follow the flow of your ideas. read the following example without transitional expressions:

　　in my physics class, we did lots of experiments that helped clarify scientific principles. i understood those principles better by doing those experiments.

　　these sentences would flow better if the speaker used transitional expressions as in the following example:

　　in my physics class, we did lots of experiments that helped clarify scientific principles. as a result, i understood those principles better.

　　3. 解释或定义陌生概念

　　in order to help your listeners understand, you may need to define a term that you use in your response. read the following example:

　　my hobby is telemark skiing.

　　if the speaker does not define the term and listeners do not know what telemark skiing is, they might not understand the rest of the passage. sometimes listeners can guess the meaning through the context of the passage, but sometimes they cannot. here is the definition this speaker gave of telemark skiing:

　　that means skiing using telemark skis.

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