副词的全面应用及分析

　　副词常考题型及解题要点

　　1 副词与形容词的功能区别：形容词修饰名词;副词修饰除名词以外的所有词性及句子成分

　　[例1] the ordeal of the cherokee indians， who were forcible moved from their homeland in the 1830*s， is remembered as the *tears*. (91.10)

　　[答案] b 修饰动词moved应用副词forcibly。

　　[例2] although the united states experienced rapidly growth in the first half of the nincieenth century， it was still predominately concerned with agriculture and forestry. (93.10)

　　[答案] a 修饰名词growth应用形容词rapid，而不用副词rapidly。 此题是toeel常考类型题。请注意以- ly后缀构成的副词通常是命题焦点。

　　2. 否定词not与形容词no的区别

　　解题要点： 区分副词not和形容词no的命题是toeel常考的题型，主要分布在structure (1-15题)中。当not或no出现在选择答案中，应首先判断它所修饰的中心词的词性以决定选哪一个否定词。

　　全真例分析

　　(1) since alaska attained statehood in 1959------- single party has dominated politics there.

　　(a) none

　　(b) no

　　(c) not

　　(d) never (94.1)

　　[答案] b 修饰中心名词party应用形容词no，而非副词not。

　　(2) ------- social crusade aroused elizabeth williams enthusiasm more than the expansion of the united states.

　　(a) no

　　(b) nothing

　　(c) not

　　(d) none (91.10)

　　[答案] 修饰主语名词crusade 应用形容词no. 而非副词not。

　　(3) ------- all rainwater falling from a cloud reaches the ground， some of it is lost through evaporation.

　　(a) nowhere

　　(b) not

　　(c) no

　　(d) none (91.8)

　　[答案] b 修饰形容词all应用否定副词not。not all (不是所有的)是固定短语搭配，表示的是部分否定，not all = sosme。

　　(4) the mechanism by which brain cells store memories is ------- clearly understood.

　　(a) none

　　(b) no

　　(c) not

　　(d) nor (90.5)

　　[答案] c 否定系词is，应用副词not。

　　(5) not woman held a presidential cabinet position in the united states until 1933. when frances perkins became secretary of labor. (89.1)

　　[答案] a not 改为no.

　　3. 辨别词形相近的副词和形容词

　　hare (努力、副词)- hardly (几乎不、副词)

　　close (接近、形容词)- closely (接近、副词)

　　near (接近、形容词)- nearly (几乎、副词)

　　most (大多数的、形容词)-mostly(主要地、副词)

　　late (迟、晚、形容词)-lately(最近、副词)

　　全真例题分析

　　(1) chief joseph flesche. a vigorous omaha leader， worked hardly to make his nation a proud and progressive one. (93.1)

　　[答案] b hardly (几乎不)改为hard(努力)。

　　(2) glaciers that develop nearly the north and south poles advance into the sea. break into pieces， and become icebergs. (90.8)

　　[答案] b 副词nearly意思是“几乎”。此句应改为near(接近)。

　　(3) those electrons most closely to the nucleus are held electromagnetic force. (92.1)

　　[答案] b most closely 改为most close。

　　以上托福考试副词考点总结出的题型主要有：副词与形容词混淆、否定副词not 的用法、易混淆的副词这三项。希望以上的分析对大家有所帮助。

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